Eziningana ezivamileirobhothi lezimboniamaphutha ayahlaziywa futhi axilongwe ngokuningiliziwe, futhi izixazululo ezihambisanayo zihlinzekwa ngephutha ngalinye, okuhloswe ngazo ukuhlinzeka abasebenzi bokunakekela kanye nonjiniyela umhlahlandlela ophelele nosebenzayo wokuxazulula lezi zinkinga zamaphutha ngendlela ephumelelayo nangokuphepha.
INGXENYE 1 Isingeniso
Amarobhothi ezimbonidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni kwesimanje. Abagcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi bathuthukisa ukulawulwa nokunemba kwezinqubo zokukhiqiza. Kodwa-ke, ngokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwalawa madivaysi ayinkimbinkimbi embonini, amaphutha ahlobene kanye nezinkinga zokuzilungisa ziye zavela kakhulu. Ngokuhlaziya izibonelo ezimbalwa zamaphutha erobhothi lezimboni, singakwazi ukuxazulula ngokuphelele futhi siqonde izinkinga ezijwayelekile kulo mkhakha. Ukuhlaziywa kwesibonelo sephutha esilandelayo ikakhulukazi kuhilela lezi zindaba ezibalulekile ezilandelayo: i-hardware nezindaba zokuthembeka kwedatha, ukusebenza okungajwayelekile kwamarobhothi asebenzayo, ukuzinza kwezinjini nezingxenye zokushayela, ukunemba kokuqalwa kwesistimu nokucushwa, nokusebenza kwamarobhothi ezindaweni zokusebenza ezihlukene. Ngokuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe nokucutshungulwa kwamanye amacala avamile, izixazululo zinikezwa abakhiqizi nabasebenzi abafanelekile bezinhlobo ezahlukene zamarobhothi okulungisa akhona ukuze babasize bathuthukise impilo yesevisi yangempela kanye nokuphepha kwezinto zokusebenza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphutha kanye nembangela yalo kuhlonzwa kuwo wonke ama-engeli, okuqoqa izinkomba eziwusizo kwamanye amacala afanayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kumkhakha wamarobhothi ezimboni wamanje noma emkhakheni wokukhiqiza ohlakaniphile wesikhathi esizayo onokuthuthuka okunempilo, ukuhlukaniswa kwamaphutha kanye nokulandela umthombo nokucubungula okuthembekile kuyizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufukameleni kobuchwepheshe obusha kanye nokuqeqeshwa kokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile.
INGXENYE 2 Izibonelo Zephutha
2.1 I-alamu Egijima Kakhulu Enqubweni yangempela yokukhiqiza, irobhothi lemboni lalinokukhala kwe-alamu egijima kakhulu, ethinte kakhulu ukukhiqizwa. Ngemva kokuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwamaphutha, inkinga yaxazululeka. Okulandelayo yisingeniso sokuxilongwa kwephutha kanye nenqubo yokucubungula. Irobhothi lizokhipha ngokuzenzakalela i-alamu yesivinini futhi livale phakathi nokwenziwa komsebenzi. I-alamu egijima kakhulu ingase ibangwe ukulungiswa kwepharamitha yesofthiwe, isistimu yokulawula kanye nenzwa.
1) Ukucushwa kwesoftware kanye nokuxilongwa kwesistimu. Ngena ngemvume ohlelweni lokulawula bese uhlola isivinini kanye nemingcele yokusheshisa. Qalisa uhlelo lokuzihlola lwesistimu ukuze uhlole ihadiwe okungenzeka ibe namaphutha noma isofthiwe. Ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu namapharamitha wokusheshisa asethwa futhi akalwa, futhi kwakungekho okungavamile.
2) Ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa nokulinganisa. Hlola isivinini nezinzwa zokuma ezifakwe erobhothini. Sebenzisa amathuluzi ajwayelekile ukuze ulinganise izinzwa. Qalisa kabusha umsebenzi ukuze ubone ukuthi isexwayiso sesivinini esiphezulu sisenzeka yini. Umphumela: Inzwa yesivinini ibonise iphutha elincane lokufunda. Ngemuva kokulungiswa kabusha, inkinga isekhona.
3) Ukushintshwa kwezinzwa nokuhlolwa okuphelele. Shintshanisa inzwa yesivinini entsha. Ngemva kokufaka inzwa, yenza ukuzihlola kwesistimu okuphelele kanye nokulinganiswa kwepharamitha futhi. Qalisa izinhlobo eziningi zemisebenzi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi irobhothi libuyele kokujwayelekile yini. Umphumela: Ngemva kokufakwa kwenzwa yesivinini esisha futhi yalinganiswa, isixwayiso sesivinini esikhulu asizange sivele futhi.
4) Isiphetho nesixazululo. Ukuhlanganisa izindlela zokuxilonga amaphutha amaningi, isizathu esiyinhloko sokwenzeka kwejubane elingaphezu kwejubane lale robhothi yezimboni ukwehluleka kwenzwa yejubane, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukufaka esikhundleni futhi ulungise inzwa yejubane entsha[.
2.2 Umsindo ongajwayelekile Irobhothi linenkinga yokungaphumeleli komsindo ngesikhathi lisebenza, okuholela ekwehliseni ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza endaweni yokusebenzela yasefekthri.
1) Ukuhlolwa kokuqala. Ukwahlulela kokuqala kungase kube ukuguga kwemishini noma ukungabi khona kokugcotshwa. Misa irobhothi bese wenza ukuhlola okuningiliziwe kwezingxenye zemishini (njengamajoyinti, amagiya namabheringi). Hambisa ingalo yerobhothi ukuze uzwe ukuthi kukhona ukuguga noma ukungqubuzana. Umphumela: Wonke amalunga namagiya ajwayelekile futhi ukuthambisa kwanele. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kungenzeka kukhishwe.
2) Ukuhlola okwengeziwe: ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle noma udoti. Hlola indawo ezungezile irobhothi nendlela yokunyakaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuze ubone ukuthi azikho yini izinto zangaphandle noma udoti. Hlanza futhi uhlanze zonke izingxenye zerobhothi. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa nokuhlanzwa, abukho ubufakazi bomthombo otholakele, futhi izici zangaphandle azifakwanga.
3) Ukuhlola kabusha: Umthwalo ongalingani noma ukulayisha ngokweqile. Hlola izilungiselelo zokulayisha zengalo yerobhothi namathuluzi. Qhathanisa umthwalo wangempela nomthwalo onconyiwe ekucacisweni kwerobhothi. Qalisa izinhlelo ezimbalwa zokuhlola umthwalo ukuze ubone ukuthi ikhona yini imisindo engajwayelekile. Imiphumela: Phakathi nohlelo lokuhlola umthwalo, umsindo ongavamile wawushube kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi komthwalo omkhulu.
4) Isiphetho nesixazululo. Ngokuhlola okuningiliziwe kwesayithi nokuhlaziya, umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko somsindo ongajwayelekile werobhothi awulingani noma umthwalo oweqile. Isixazululo: Lungiselela kabusha imisebenzi yomsebenzi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi umthwalo usabalaliswa ngokulinganayo. Lungisa izilungiselelo zepharamitha yale ingalo yerobhothi kanye nethuluzi ukuze uzivumelanise nomthwalo wangempela. Phinda uhlole isistimu ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi inkinga isixazululiwe. Izindlela zobuchwepheshe ezingenhla zixazulule inkinga yomsindo ongajwayelekile werobhothi, futhi okokusebenza kungafakwa ekukhiqizeni ngokujwayelekile.
2.3 I-alamu yokushisa kwemoto ephezulu Irobhothi lizokhala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Isizathu se-alamu ukuthi injini ishisa ngokweqile. Lesi simo yisimo esingaba khona iphutha futhi singase sithinte ukusebenza okuphephile nokusetshenziswa kwerobhothi.
1) Ukuhlolwa kokuqala: Uhlelo lokupholisa lwemoto yamarobhothi. Uma sicabangela ukuthi inkinga ukuthi izinga lokushisa lemoto liphezulu kakhulu, sigxile ekuhloleni uhlelo lokupholisa lwe-motor. Izinyathelo zokusebenza: Misa irobhothi, hlola ukuthi ifeni yokupholisa injini isebenza ngokujwayelekile, bese uhlola ukuthi isiteshi sokupholisa sivinjiwe yini. Umphumela: Ifeni yokupholisa injini kanye neshaneli yokupholisa kuyinto evamile, futhi inkinga yesistimu yokupholisa iyakhishwa.
2) Bheka futhi umzimba wemoto nomshayeli. Izinkinga ngemoto noma umshayeli wayo uqobo zingase zibe yimbangela yokushisa okuphezulu. Izinyathelo zokusebenza: Hlola ukuthi intambo yokuxhuma injini yonakele yini noma ayikhululekile, thola izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu lemoto, bese usebenzisa i-oscilloscope ukuze uhlole ukuphuma kwamagagasi wamanje kanye ne-voltage ngumshayeli wemoto. Umphumela: Kutholwe ukuthi i-waveform yamanje ekhishwa umshayeli wemoto ibingazinzile.
3) Isiphetho nesixazululo. Ngemva kochungechunge lwezinyathelo zokuxilonga, sinqume imbangela yokushisa okuphezulu kwemoto yamarobhothi. Isixazululo: Faka esikhundleni noma lungisa umshayeli wemoto ongaqinile. Ngemva kokushintshwa noma ukulungiswa, hlola kabusha isistimu ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi inkinga isixazululiwe yini. Ngemva kokushintshwa nokuhlolwa, irobhothi seliphinde laqala ukusebenza okuvamile futhi ayikho i-alamu yokushisa ngokweqile kwemoto.
2.4 I-alamu yokuhlonza inkinga yephutha ekuqaliseni Lapho irobhothi lemboni liqala kabusha futhi liqalisa, kuba namaphutha amaningi e-alamu, futhi ukuxilongwa kwephutha kuyadingeka ukuze kutholwe imbangela yephutha.
1) Hlola isignali yokuphepha yangaphandle. Ekuqaleni kusolwa ukuthi ihlobene nesignali yokuphepha yangaphandle engajwayelekile. Faka imodi "yokufaka ekusebenzeni" ukuze unqume ukuthi ingabe ikhona yini inkinga ngesekhethi yokuphepha yangaphandle yerobhothi. Irobhothi isebenza ngemodi "yokuvula", kodwa u-opharetha akakwazi ukususa isibani esiyisixwayiso, okuqeda inkinga yokulahlekelwa kwesignali yokuphepha.
2) Isoftware kanye nesheke lomshayeli. Hlola ukuthi isofthiwe yokulawula irobhothi ibuyekeziwe noma ayinawo amafayela. Hlola bonke abashayeli, kuhlanganise motor kanye izinzwa abashayeli. Kutholakala ukuthi isofthiwe nabashayeli konke kusesikhathini futhi awekho amafayela alahlekile, ngakho-ke kunqunywa ukuthi lena akuyona inkinga.
3) Thola ukuthi iphutha livela ohlelweni lokulawula irobhothi. Khetha okuthi Faka kusebenze → Isevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa → Faka kumodi yokusebenza kumenyu enkulu yokufundisa elengayo. Hlola ulwazi lwe-alamu futhi. Vula amandla erobhothi. Njengoba umsebenzi ungabuyelanga kokujwayelekile, kunganqunywa ukuthi irobhothi ngokwalo linephutha.
4) Ikhebula nesixhumi isheke. Hlola zonke izintambo nezixhumi ezixhunywe irobhothi. Qinisekisa ukuthi akukho monakalo noma ukuxega. Zonke izintambo nezixhumi ziphelele, futhi iphutha alikho lapha.
5) Hlola ibhodi le-CCU. Ngokusho kwe-alamu, thola isikhombimsebenzisi se-SYS-X48 ebhodini le-CCU. Bheka ukukhanya kwesimo sebhodi le-CCU. Kutholakale ukuthi ukukhanya kwesimo sebhodi le-CCU kuboniswe ngendlela engavamile, futhi kwatholakala ukuthi ibhodi le-CCU belimele. 6) Isiphetho nesixazululo. Ngemuva kwezinyathelo ezi-5 ezingenhla, kwatholakala ukuthi inkinga isebhodini le-CCU. Isixazululo kwaba ukubuyisela ibhodi le-CCU elilimele. Ngemuva kokuthi ibhodi ye-CCU ishintshiwe, lolu hlelo lwamarobhothi lungasetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile, futhi i-alamu yephutha lokuqala iphakanyisiwe.
2.5 I-Revolution counter ukulahleka kwedatha Ngemva kokuvulwa kocingo, u-opharetha werobhothi ubonise “Ibhethri yekhophi yasenqolobaneni ye-SMB yeserial port ilahlekile, idatha yesibali se-robot ilahlekile” futhi akakwazanga ukusebenzisa ipenti yokufundisa. Izici zomuntu ezifana namaphutha okusebenza noma ukugxambukela komuntu ngokuvamile ziyizimbangela ezivamile zokwehluleka kwesistimu eyinkimbinkimbi.
1) Ukuxhumana ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa kwamaphutha. Buza ukuthi ingabe isistimu yerobhothi isanda kulungiswa, noma ngabe abanye abasebenzi abalungisayo noma opharetha bashintshiwe, nokuthi ingabe imisebenzi engavamile kanye nokulungisa iphutha kwenziwe.
2) Hlola amarekhodi okusebenza kwesistimu namalogi ukuze uthole noma yimiphi imisebenzi engahambisani nemodi evamile yokusebenza. Awekho amaphutha okusebenza asobala noma ukugxambukela komuntu okutholakele.
3) Ibhodi lesifunda noma ukwehluleka kwehadiwe. Ukuhlaziywa kwembangela: Ngenxa yokuthi ihlanganisa "ibhodi lokulinganisa imbobo ye-SMB", lokhu ngokuvamile kuhlobene ngokuqondile nesekhethi yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha. Nqamula ukunikezwa kwamandla futhi ulandele zonke izinqubo zokuphepha. Vula ikhabethe lokulawula irobhothi bese uhlola ibhodi lokulinganisa lembobo ye-SMB namanye amasekhethi ahlobene. Sebenzisa ithuluzi lokuhlola ukuze uhlole ukuxhumana kwesekethe nobuqotho. Bheka umonakalo osobala obonakalayo, njengokushiswa, ukuphuka noma okunye okungajwayelekile. Ngemva kokuhlolwa okuningiliziwe, ibhodi lesifunda kanye nezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha ezihlobene zibonakala zivamile, ngaphandle kokulimala okusobala okungokomzimba noma izinkinga zokuxhuma. Amathuba okuhluleka kwebhodi lesifunda noma i-hardware aphansi.
4) Inkinga yebhethri eyisipele. Njengoba lezi zici ezimbili ezingenhla zibonakala zivamile, cabangela amanye amathuba. I-pendant yokufundisa isho ngokucacile ukuthi "ibhethri eliyisipele lilahlekile", okuba ukugxila okulandelayo. Thola indawo ethile yebhethri eliyisipele kukhabhinethi yokulawula noma irobhothi. Hlola umthamo webhethri. Hlola ukuthi isixhumi esibonakalayo sebhethri nokuxhumeka kuphelele yini. Kutholwe ukuthi i-voltage yebhethri eyisipele yayiphansi kakhulu kuneleveli evamile, futhi cishe awekho amandla asele. Ukwehluleka kungenzeka kubangelwe ukwehluleka kwebhethri eliyisipele.
5) Isixazululo. Thenga ibhethri elisha lemodeli efanayo kanye nokucaciswa njengebhethri langempela futhi ulishintshe ngokulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi. Ngemva kokufaka ibhethri esikhundleni, yenza ukuqalisa kohlelo nokulinganisa ngokwemiyalelo yomkhiqizi ukuze ubuyisele idatha elahlekile noma eyonakele. Ngemva kokufaka ibhethri nokuqalisa, yenza ukuhlola kwesistimu okuphelele ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi inkinga isixazululiwe.
I-6) Ngemva kokuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe nokuhlolwa, amaphutha okusebenza okusolakala ekuqaleni kanye nokwehluleka kwebhodi lesifunda noma i-hardware kwakhishwa, futhi ekugcineni kwanqunywa ukuthi inkinga idalwe ibhethri eliyisipele elihlulekile. Ngokufaka esikhundleni ibhethri eliyisipele futhi liqalise kabusha futhi lilinganise uhlelo, irobhothi liqalise kabusha ukusebenza okuvamile.
INGXENYE 3 Izincomo Zokulondolozwa Kwansuku zonke
Ukugcinwa kwansuku zonke kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwamarobhothi ezimboni, futhi amaphuzu alandelayo kufanele azuzwe. (1) Ukuhlanza njalo nokugcobisa Njalo hlola izingxenye ezibalulekile zerobhothi lezimboni, susa uthuli nezinto zangaphandle, futhi ugcobe ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwezingxenye.
(2) Ukulinganisa inzwa Linganisa izinzwa zerobhothi njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zithola ngokunembile idatha yempendulo ukuze uqinisekise ukunyakaza nokusebenza okunembayo.
(3) Hlola amabhawudi nezixhumi zokuziqinisa Hlola ukuthi amabhawudi nezixhumi zerobhothi zikhululekile yini futhi uziqinise kusenesikhathi ukuze ugweme ukudlidliza nokungaqini kwemishini.
(4) Ukuhlolwa kwekhebula Njalo hlola ikhebula ukuthi aligugile, liyaqhekeka noma liyanqamuka ukuze uqinisekise ukuzinza kwesignali nokudluliswa kwamandla.
(5) Uhlu lwezingxenye eziyisipele Gcina inani elithile lezingxenye eziyisipele ukuze izingxenye ezinephutha zishintshwe ngesikhathi esimeni esiphuthumayo ukuze kuncishiswe isikhathi sokuphumula.
INGXENYE 4 Isiphetho
Ukuze kuhlonzwe futhi kutholwe amaphutha, amaphutha avamile amarobhothi ezimboni ahlukaniswa abe amaphutha ehadiwe, amaphutha esoftware kanye nezinhlobo zamaphutha ezivamile zamarobhothi. Amaphutha avamile engxenye ngayinye yerobhothi lezimboni kanye nezixazululo nezinyathelo zokuphepha zifinyezwa. Ngokufingqwa okuningiliziwe kokuhlukaniswa, singakwazi ukuqonda kangcono izinhlobo ezingamaphutha ezivame kakhulu zamarobhothi ezimboni okwamanje, ukuze sikwazi ukuxilonga ngokushesha futhi sithole imbangela yephutha lapho iphutha lenzeka, futhi siligcine kangcono. Ngokuthuthuka kwemboni kubheke ku-automation kanye nobuhlakani, amarobhothi ezimboni azobaluleke kakhulu. Ukufunda nokufingqa kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ngokuqhubekayo ikhono nesivinini sokuxazulula izinkinga ukuze uvumelane nesimo esishintshayo. Ngethemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sizoba nesithenjwa esithile esibalulekile kubasebenzi abafanelekile emkhakheni wamarobhothi ezimboni, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwamarobhothi ezimboni futhi kusebenze kangcono imboni yokukhiqiza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-29-2024
