Uhlakaniphileizingalo zamarobhothi zezimboniazisanqunyelwe ekukhiqizeni okungokwesiko, kodwa ziye zangena kancane kancane ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene futhi zaba ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bokukhiqiza nokusungula isevisi emikhakheni eminingi.
Enqubweni yokwenza izinguquko ezihlakaniphile embonini yezokukhiqiza yomhlaba,izingalo zamarobhothi zezimbonisebeyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza. Kusukela kumishini ezenzakalelayo yendabuko kuya kozakwethu bokukhiqiza abahlakaniphile, ukuvela kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokusetshenziswa okubanzi kwezingalo zamarobhothi kuhola uguquko embonini yokukhiqiza.
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe obufana nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, idatha enkulu, ikhompuyutha yamafu kanye ne-inthanethi Yezinto, izingalo zamarobhothi azidlali nje indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni okungokwesiko, kodwa futhi zibonisa amathemba okusebenza abanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene njengokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, ukuphatheka kwempahla kanye namasevisi. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ukuvela kwezobuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni kanye nesikhundla esibalulekile sezingalo zamarobhothi ezimboni ekukhuthazeni inqubo yokukhiqiza ehlakaniphile emhlabeni wonke.
Ingxenye I Ukuziphendukela Kwemvelo kweI-Industrial Robotic Arms
Umlando wezingalo zamarobhothi ezimboni ungalandelelwa emuva kuma-1950s. Ngaleso sikhathi, izingalo zamarobhothi zazisetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wokukhiqiza izimoto kanye nezimboni ezisindayo, ezinesibopho sokuqeda imisebenzi ethile elula nephindaphindwayo, njengokushisela, ukuhlanganisa nokuphatha. Baqedela umsebenzi wenqubo ehleliwe ngohlelo olulula, kodwa ngenxa yemikhawulo ye-hardware kanye nobuchwepheshe besofthiwe, izingalo zamarobhothi zinemikhawulo emikhulu yokunemba, ukuguquguquka nokuvumelana nezimo. Noma kunjalo, ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi yekhompiyutha kanye nobuchwepheshe bezinzwa, izingalo zamarobhothi kancane kancane ziye zathola impumelelo enkulu kwezobuchwepheshe futhi zandisa ngokuqhubekayo izindawo zazo zokusebenzisa. Ukungena eminyakeni yama-1980, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokulawula nokusebenza kwekhompiyutha, ukunemba nokuguquguquka kwezingalo zerobhothi kuye kwathuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi bangenza imisebenzi yokukhiqiza eyinkimbinkimbi. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, ngokukhula kobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukufunda ngomshini kanye nobuchwepheshe bedatha obukhulu, izingalo zamarobhothi sezingenise ukuthuthukiswa kwe-leapfrog. Lobu buchwepheshe obusha buvumela izingalo zamarobhothi ukuthi zingagcini nje ngokuqedela imisebenzi elula ephindaphindwayo, kodwa futhi zibe nekhono lokwenza izinqumo ezizimele, ukubona ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokufunda ngokwakho, futhi kancane kancane zithuthuke zibe amathuluzi okukhiqiza ahlakaniphile nasebenza kahle. Njengamanje, ngokuvuthwa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bombono wekhompyutha kanye nama-algorithms okufunda ajulile, amandla ezingalo zerobhothi ekuboneni okubonakalayo, ukuhlelwa kwendlela nokwenza isenzo afinyelele ukuphakama okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili. Ngezinzwa ezinemba okuphezulu nama-algorithms ahlakaniphile, izingalo zerobhothi zingakwazi ukubona izinguquko endaweni yokusebenza ngesikhathi sangempela futhi zenze izinguquko eziguquguqukayo. Lokhu kuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kwenza izingalo zerobhothi zikwazi ukugcina ukusebenza kahle nokunemba kokusebenza ezindaweni zokukhiqiza eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu nezishintsha ngamandla.
Ingxenye II Ukufakwa okuphelele kusukela ekukhiqizeni kuya ezinsizeni
Izikhali zamarobhothi ezihlakaniphile zezimboni azisanqunyelwe ekukhiqizeni okujwayelekile, kodwa sezingene kancane kancane ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene futhi zaba ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokukhiqiza kanye nokusungula isevisi emikhakheni eminingi. Kodwa-ke, ukukhiqiza kungenye yezindawo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezingalweni zamarobhothi ezimboni. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, izingalo zamarobhothi zidlala indima ebalulekile emigqeni yokukhiqiza yezimboni eziningi ezifana nezimoto, izinto zikagesi, izinto zasendlini, nokudla. Ekwenziweni kwezimoto, izingalo zamarobhothi zinesibopho sokuqedela imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo neyingozi njengokushisela, ukufutha, nokubamba, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi kunciphisa izingozi zokuphepha. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, ukunemba okuphezulu nokuvumelana nezimo kwezingalo zerobhothi kungaqeda imisebenzi yokuhlanganisa ebucayi kakhulu. Isibonelo, izingalo zerobhothi zingafinyelela ukuma kwezinga lemilimitha ngokulawula okunembile ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi nama-chips, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nokuthembeka kwemikhiqizo. Ngemisebenzi yokukhiqiza enembayo ephezulu nenzima, izingalo zerobhothi zibonisa izinzuzo ezingenakuqhathaniswa. Ngokuthuthukiswa kokuzenzakalela, imigqa yokukhiqiza ayisalungisiwe, futhi izingalo zamarobhothi zinganikeza ukusekelwa ezindleleni zokukhiqiza eziguquguqukayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izingalo zamarobhothi azikwazi nje ukulungisa izindlela zazo zokusebenza ngokuvumelana nezidingo zokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi zivumelane ngokushesha nezidingo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kwenza izingalo zamarobhothi zingagcini nje ngokufanele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi, kodwa futhi kunikeza izixazululo eziphumelelayo zokukhiqiza okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kweqoqo elincane.
Emkhakheni wezokuthutha, izingalo zamarobhothi ezihlakaniphile nazo zibonisa amandla amakhulu okusebenza. Ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezizenzakalelayo zokugcina impahla kanye nokuhlunga, izingalo zamarobhothi sezibe obunye bobuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinto. Amapulatifomu amaningi amakhulu we-e-commerce, njenge-Amazon ne-Alibaba, afake izingalo zamarobhothi ezindlini zabo zokugcina izimpahla ukuze azuze ukuhlunga okusebenzayo nokuzenzakalelayo, ukuphatha nokupakishwa kwezimpahla. Ezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla zesimanje, izingalo zamarobhothi zingakwazi ukuhlunga, ziphathe futhi zibeke izinto ngokushesha. Ngokubona okubonakalayo nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula izithombe, izingalo zerobhothi zingakwazi ukuhlonza ngokunembile izimpahla ezihlukene futhi ziziphathe ngokuzenzakalela. Le ndlela yokusebenza ephumelelayo ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yokugcina impahla, kodwa futhi ithuthukisa kakhulu isivinini kanye nokunemba kokuphathwa kwempahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusetshenziswa kwe-5G kanye nobuchwepheshe be-inthanethi Yezinto, izingalo zerobhothi zingafinyelela ukuxhumeka kwesikhathi sangempela kanye nokwabelana ngedatha namanye amadivayisi. Lokhu kwenza lonke uhlelo lwezokuthutha luhlakaniphe kakhulu futhi lunembe ekuhleleni nasekuqapheni, ngaleyo ndlela lwenze ngokugcwele yonke inqubo yezokuthutha. Imboni yezokwelapha ingesinye isici esivelele sokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bengalo yerobhothi. Ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wamarobhothi okuhlinzwa, ukusebenza okunembayo kwezingalo zamarobhothi kungasiza odokotela ukuthi baqedele ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu nokuhlasela kancane, kunciphise izingozi zeziguli futhi kusheshise inqubo yokululama. Emkhakheni wokwelapha wokubuyisela esimweni, izingalo zamarobhothi nazo zinamandla amakhulu okusebenza. Ngemishini yokuvuselela esizwa ngamarobhothi, iziguli zingaqhuba ukuqeqeshwa komuntu siqu futhi zithuthukise imiphumela yokubuyisela. Ingalo yerobhothi ingalungisa ukuqina kokuqeqeshwa futhi inikeze impendulo yesikhathi sangempela ngokuya ngenqubekelaphambili yokululama yesiguli, ngaleyo ndlela isize iziguli zilulame ngokushesha. Embonini yenkonzo, ukusetshenziswa kwezingalo zamarobhothi kukhula kancane kancane, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wokudla, amahhotela kanye nokudayisa. Embonini yezokupheka, abapheki bamarobhothi bangene ezindaweni zokudlela ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezindawo zokudlela ezisheshayo, futhi bangaqedela ngokuzenzakalela imisebenzi efana nokusika nokuthosa izithako. Ngosizo lwezingalo zamarobhothi, izindawo zokudlela zingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi ziqinisekise ikhwalithi nokuvumelana kwezitsha. Embonini yamahhotela, ukusetshenziswa kwezingalo zerobhothi kubanzi kakhulu. Amadeski angaphambili amarobhothi, amarobhothi okuhlanza kanye namarobhothi okulethwa kokudla kancane kancane ayingxenye yezinsizakalo zamahhotela. Lezi zingalo zamarobhothi zinganciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle ngenkathi zihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezisezingeni.
Ingxenye 4 Ukukhula Okusheshayo kanye Nokuqanjwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Emakethe Yomhlaba Wonke
Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-International Federation of Robotics (IFR), imakethe yezingalo zamarobhothi emhlabeni wonke ikhula ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi eChina, lapho imakethe yezingalo zamarobhothi isiphenduke enye yezimakethe ezisebenza kakhulu emhlabeni. Isu le-"Smart Manufacturing 2025" eligqugquzelwa uhulumeni waseShayina linikeze ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bengalo yerobhothi futhi likhuthaze impumelelo ekusungulweni kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nesabelo semakethe samarobhothi asekhaya. Ngaso leso sikhathi, njengoba izindleko zokukhiqiza ziqhubeka nokwehla, amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo angakwazi ukukhokhela izinhlelo zengalo zamarobhothi, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezizimele. Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi (i-Cobot) bunikeze izixazululo ezishintshayo nezinomnotho ezishintshashintshayo zamabhizinisi amancane naphakathi, ngokuqhubekayo nokwandisa isabelo semakethe sobuchwepheshe berobhothi Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obusafufusa obufana ne-5G, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye ne-inthanethi Yezinto inikeze indawo ebanzi yedatha ye-robotic ye-arm-real ukudlulisa nokulawula kude, kuqhubeke nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nokunemba kokusebenza. Nge-inthanethi Yezinto, izingalo zerobhothi zingasebenzisana kahle nezinye izisetshenziswa efektri ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa okuhlakaniphile kwayo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-10-2025
